The Punic Wars

Assembled from 60 blocks · 2 evidence · 47 related

1. Story
2. Three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-241, 218-201, 149-146 BCE) that turned an Italian land power into a naval and overseas one. Rome acquired Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica and Spain, built a fleet essentially from nothing, survived Hannibal's invasion of Italy, and finally destroyed Carthage in 146 BCE. This is the point at which the Mediterranean stops being a contested space and starts becoming Roman interior water. Casualty figures and fleet sizes reported by Polybius and later authors are large and not independently verifiable.
3. Knowledge
4. Rome
5. The Roman Legion
6. Carthage
7. The Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum)
8. The Punic Wars
9. Connections
10. The Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum)
11. Carthage
12. Rome
13. The Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum)
14. The Roman Legion
15. Roman Citizenship (civitas Romana)
16. The Punic Wars
17. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre), Rome
18. The Roman Legion
19. Roman Law
20. The Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum)
21. Ostia Antica
22. Via Appia
23. Traditional foundation of the Roman Republic
24. Construction of the Via Appia begins
25. The Punic Wars
26. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
27. Assassination of Julius Caesar
28. The Augustan settlement: Octavian becomes Augustus
29. Inauguration of the Flavian Amphitheatre
30. Dedication of Constantinople
31. Administrative division of the empire on the death of Theodosius I
32. Alaric's Goths sack Rome
33. Odoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus - the contested 'fall' of the Western Roman Empire
34. The Pantheon, Rome
35. The Pantheon dome spans about 43 m in unreinforced concrete
36. Rome
37. The Roman Road Network
38. Alexandria
39. The Punic Wars
40. The Punic Wars
41. Battle of Actium
42. Dedication of Constantinople
43. Rome
44. Roman Citizenship (civitas Romana)
45. The Roman Road Network
46. Hadrian's Wall
47. Augustus (Gaius Octavius / Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus)
48. Gaius Julius Caesar
49. Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)
50. The Punic Wars
51. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
52. The Augustan settlement: Octavian becomes Augustus
53. Construction of Hadrian's Wall begins
54. The empire reaches its greatest territorial extent
55. The Antonine Constitution (Constitutio Antoniniana)
56. Alaric's Goths sack Rome
57. Odoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus - the contested 'fall' of the Western Roman Empire
58. Evidence
59. A Greek hostage in Rome writing to explain how Rome conquered the Mediterranean in fifty-three years, Polybius supplies the main narrative of the first two Punic Wars and the classic analysis of the Roman constitution as a mixed regime. He is a near-contemporary but a partisan of his Roman patrons, and his fleet and casualty numbers are not independently checkable.
60. The inscribed property covers the Punic and Roman city on the Gulf of Tunis, including the Byrsa hill, the Antonine baths, the circular military harbour and the tophet, documenting both the Punic city destroyed in 146 BCE and the Roman colonia rebuilt on the same ground.