Roman builders adopt pozzolanic concrete

Assembled from 29 blocks · 1 evidence · 36 related

1. Story
2. Opus caementicium comes into regular Roman use, binding rubble aggregate in a lime and volcanic-ash mortar. The material changes what the arch can be: instead of a ring of cut voussoirs, a vault can be a continuous mass cast into formwork, which means curved surfaces of any plan, built by semi-skilled labour, at a scale cut stone could not reach economically.
3. Knowledge
4. The voussoir arch
5. Roman concrete (opus caementicium)
6. Roman builders adopt pozzolanic concrete
7. Connections
8. Roman concrete (opus caementicium)
9. The voussoir arch
10. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre), Rome
11. Reinforced concrete
12. The Pantheon, Rome
13. The Pantheon, Rome
14. Roman builders adopt pozzolanic concrete
15. The Colosseum opens: arch and concrete at civic scale
16. The Pantheon dome spans about 43 m in unreinforced concrete
17. Lime clasts reinterpreted as hot mixing and self-healing
18. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre), Rome
19. Pont du Gard
20. Load path
21. Corbelling (the false arch and false dome)
22. Corbelling (the false arch and false dome)
23. The dome
24. The Gothic rib vault
25. Roman builders adopt pozzolanic concrete
26. The Pont du Gard carries an aqueduct on three tiers of arches
27. The Colosseum opens: arch and concrete at civic scale
28. Evidence
29. Standard study of Roman concrete vaulting, its materials, aggregate selection and construction sequence, including the graded-aggregate practice used in large domes. Supports the MATERIAL_ROMAN_CONCRETE and SITE_PANTHEON records. V55 verification basis: real and standard, but not consulted in this session; no research domain was reachable.