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Flying Rivers (Aerial Rivers)

node · earth · Amazon Basin, Cerrado and the La Plata basin

The airborne transport of water vapour across South America, from the tropical Atlantic westward over the Amazon and then, blocked by the Andes, southeastward toward the subtropics. Arraut and colleagues described this in 2012 as a system of aerial rivers and aerial lakes: narrow, fast corridors of vapour transport with slower reservoirs of moisture between them, structurally analogous to a surface drainage network but running in the opposite direction relative to the continent. The southbound limb is carried by the South American Low-Level Jet running along the eastern flank of the Andes, and it delivers moisture to the Cerrado, southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina - the agricultural and hydroelectric core of the continent. The volume comparison usually made is that the forest returns more water to the atmosphere each day than the Amazon River discharges to the ocean. Whether or not the arithmetic is exactly right, the structural claim is the one that matters: a farm in Sao Paulo and a turbine in Parana are downstream of a forest two thousand kilometres away, by air.

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Evidence · 1
Timeline

No dated observations are stored for this object. Atlas shows what was observed and when — it does not infer a history.

Connections · 3
Assembled narrative · 1

Assembled from 28 blocks · 1 evidence · 35 related

  1. Story
  2. The airborne transport of water vapour across South America, from the tropical Atlantic westward over the Amazon and then, blocked by the Andes, southeastward toward the subtropics. Arraut and colleagues described this in 2012 as a system of aerial rivers and aerial lakes: narrow, fast corridors of vapour transport with slower reservoirs of moisture between them, structurally analogous to a surface drainage network but running in the opposite direction relative to the continent. The southbound limb is carried by the South American Low-Level Jet running along the eastern flank of the Andes, and it delivers moisture to the Cerrado, southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina - the agricultural and hydroelectric core of the continent. The volume comparison usually made is that the forest returns more water to the atmosphere each day than the Amazon River discharges to the ocean. Whether or not the arithmetic is exactly right, the structural claim is the one that matters: a farm in Sao Paulo and a turbine in Parana are downstream of a forest two thousand kilometres away, by air.
  3. Knowledge
  4. Nevado Mismi
  5. Moisture Recycling
  6. Flying Rivers (Aerial Rivers)
  7. Cerrado
  8. Connections
  9. Moisture Recycling
  10. Nevado Mismi
  11. Cerrado
  12. Amazon Basin
  13. Flying Rivers (Aerial Rivers)
  14. Cascading Moisture Recycling
  15. Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO)
  16. Amazon Deforestation
  17. The Amazon Dieback Threshold
  18. Eneas Salati
  19. Isotope study quantifies Amazonian moisture recycling
  20. The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory begins operating
  21. Amazon River
  22. Flying Rivers (Aerial Rivers)
  23. The Carhuasanta stream on Nevado Mismi is identified as the Amazon source
  24. Flying Rivers (Aerial Rivers)
  25. Arc of Deforestation (Arco do Desmatamento)
  26. Amazon Soy Moratorium
  27. Evidence
  28. Supports the aerial river and aerial lake description of moisture transport across South America and the southeastward deflection of Amazonian moisture along the eastern Andes toward the subtropics. V55 verification basis: not retrieved or read in this session; citation and finding stated from the producing model's knowledge.
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/atlas?object=PHENOMENON_FLYING_RIVERS&experience=PHENOMENON_FLYING_RIVERS