Hattusa (Boğazkale)

Assembled from 23 blocks · 1 evidence · 18 related

1. Story
2. The capital of the Hittite state, on the central Anatolian plateau in Çorum province, Türkiye, and the source of the tablet archives that made Hittite readable. German excavations under Hugo Winckler from 1906 recovered thousands of cuneiform tablets from the citadel and temple archives — treaties, laws, rituals, letters and annals — written in several languages, of which the principal one was unidentified. That archive is what Bedřich Hrozný worked from when he announced in 1915 that the language was Indo-European. The site matters to this Journey as a specific instance of a general point: the comparative method is limited by the corpus available to it, and a single excavation can transform the reconstruction of an entire family. Without Boğazköy there is no attested Anatolian branch, no confirmation of the laryngeals, and no reason to redraw the top of the Indo-European tree. The site is inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
3. Knowledge
4. Hittite
5. Anatolia
6. Hattusa (Boğazkale)
7. Connections
8. Hittite
9. Anatolia
10. The Boğazköy tablet archives are excavated
11. Laryngeal theory
12. Indo-European
13. Hattusa (Boğazkale)
14. The Boğazköy tablet archives are excavated
15. Hrozný identifies Hittite as an Indo-European language
16. Kuryłowicz matches Hittite h to Saussure's coefficients
17. Proto-Indo-European
18. Hattusa (Boğazkale)
19. A Bayesian phylogeny dates Indo-European to the Anatolian Neolithic
20. Phylogeography puts the Indo-European homeland in Anatolia
21. A hybrid model is proposed for the Indo-European origin
22. Evidence
23. Supports the identification of Hittite as an Indo-European language, announced in 1915 and set out in full in this volume. V55 verification basis: this session had no access to any source — WebFetch was egress-blocked for every host attempted and the WebSearch budget was exhausted before authoring — so the cited work was not retrieved, and no page, volume or figure quoted from it was re-checked. The 1915 announcement date and the 1906 excavation date under Winckler are given from standing knowledge of the history of the decipherment, not from this volume.