Treaty of Nanking
Signed aboard HMS Cornwallis, the treaty ended the First Opium War on British terms: Hong Kong island was ceded, five ports including Canton and Shanghai were opened to British trade and residence, the Cohong monopoly was abolished, tariffs were fixed by agreement, and an indemnity of twenty-one million silver dollars was imposed, of which six million covered the opium Lin Zexu had destroyed. Opium itself was not mentioned in the text. The Canton System ended, and the tea trade began shifting north to Shanghai.
Historical — it happened, and the record is settled.
Subjects
- Canton (historical) — modern Guangzhou · city · China
- Shanghai · city · China
- Cohong (Gonghang) · merchant guild · China · not located
- Silver · trade good · not located
- Tea · trade good · not located
Evidence
Verified — Every field is supported by a cited authoritative source.
Treaty of Peace, Friendship, and Commerce between Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Emperor of China (Treaty of Nanking)
The treaty opened five ports, ceded Hong Kong, abolished the Cohong monopoly, fixed tariffs and imposed a silver indemnity — and made no mention of opium.
Signed at Nanking, 29 August 1842; printed in British and Foreign State Papers, vol. 30 · 1842-08-29 · Verified
Treaty of Nanking, 29 August 1842, British and Foreign State Papers vol. 30 (London: HMSO); UK Treaty Series text, articles II (five ports), III (Hong Kong), IV–VI (indemnity), V (abolition of the Cohong monopoly)
Recorded on Canton (historical) — modern Guangzhou
- Tea buried in the Han Yangling mausoleum
- Tea-for-horse exchange between China and Tibet
- Silver ore is registered at the Cerro Rico of Potosí
- Manila is founded as the eastern terminus
- Tea first shipped to Europe by sea
- Qing trade confined to Canton
- Boston Tea Party
- Commutation Act cuts British tea duty
- Robert Bruce shown tea growing in Assam
- East India Company's China monopoly ends; Tea Committee founded
- The Opium Wars
- First Assam tea auctioned in London
- Lin Zexu destroys confiscated opium at Humen
- Treaty of Nanking
- Robert Fortune removes tea plants and tea makers from China
Related
Related because they share a subject in the Atlas — never because the text looks similar.
- Robert Fortune removes tea plants and tea makers from China · 1848–1851
- Lin Zexu destroys confiscated opium at Humen · 1839-06-03/1839-06-25
- First Assam tea auctioned in London · 1839-01-10
- The Opium Wars · 1839–1860
- East India Company's China monopoly ends; Tea Committee founded · 1834
- Robert Bruce shown tea growing in Assam · 1823
- Commutation Act cuts British tea duty · 1784
- Boston Tea Party · 1773-12-16