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Caesar crosses the Rubicon

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Caesar leads a legion out of his province into Italy, beginning civil war. The traditional date of 10 January 49 BCE is calculated in the unreformed pre-Julian calendar and is not securely convertible. The structural fact matters more than the date: a professional army had become loyal to its paymaster-general rather than to the Senate, and no republican institution could countermand it.

A node is not a place. Drawing it on a map would assert something about the world that no stored fact supports.

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Evidence · 1
Timeline

No dated observations are stored for this object. Atlas shows what was observed and when — it does not infer a history.

Connections · 3
Assembled narrative · 1

Assembled from 50 blocks · 1 evidence · 44 related

  1. Story
  2. Caesar leads a legion out of his province into Italy, beginning civil war. The traditional date of 10 January 49 BCE is calculated in the unreformed pre-Julian calendar and is not securely convertible. The structural fact matters more than the date: a professional army had become loyal to its paymaster-general rather than to the Senate, and no republican institution could countermand it.
  3. Knowledge
  4. Rome
  5. The Roman Legion
  6. Gaius Julius Caesar
  7. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
  8. Connections
  9. Gaius Julius Caesar
  10. The Roman Legion
  11. Rome
  12. The Roman Legion
  13. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
  14. Assassination of Julius Caesar
  15. Rome
  16. Roman Citizenship (civitas Romana)
  17. The Roman Road Network
  18. Hadrian's Wall
  19. Augustus (Gaius Octavius / Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus)
  20. Gaius Julius Caesar
  21. Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)
  22. The Punic Wars
  23. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
  24. The Augustan settlement: Octavian becomes Augustus
  25. Construction of Hadrian's Wall begins
  26. The empire reaches its greatest territorial extent
  27. The Antonine Constitution (Constitutio Antoniniana)
  28. Alaric's Goths sack Rome
  29. Odoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus - the contested 'fall' of the Western Roman Empire
  30. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre), Rome
  31. The Roman Legion
  32. Roman Law
  33. The Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum)
  34. Ostia Antica
  35. Via Appia
  36. Traditional foundation of the Roman Republic
  37. Construction of the Via Appia begins
  38. The Punic Wars
  39. Caesar crosses the Rubicon
  40. Assassination of Julius Caesar
  41. The Augustan settlement: Octavian becomes Augustus
  42. Inauguration of the Flavian Amphitheatre
  43. Dedication of Constantinople
  44. Administrative division of the empire on the death of Theodosius I
  45. Alaric's Goths sack Rome
  46. Odoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus - the contested 'fall' of the Western Roman Empire
  47. The Pantheon, Rome
  48. The Pantheon dome spans about 43 m in unreinforced concrete
  49. Evidence
  50. A Greek hostage in Rome writing to explain how Rome conquered the Mediterranean in fifty-three years, Polybius supplies the main narrative of the first two Punic Wars and the classic analysis of the Roman constitution as a mixed regime. He is a near-contemporary but a partisan of his Roman patrons, and his fleet and casualty numbers are not independently checkable.
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No public Signals are attached to this object. Signals show what changed and when it was observed — never a direction or a rank.

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/atlas?object=EVENT_CAESAR_RUBICON_49BCE&experience=EVENT_CAESAR_RUBICON_49BCE