Supernova

Assembled from 32 blocks · 3 evidence · 27 related

1. Story
2. The destruction of a star in an explosion that can briefly outshine its entire host galaxy. Two physically unrelated mechanisms share the name. A core-collapse supernova ends a star above roughly eight solar masses: the iron core exceeds what degeneracy can support, collapses in about a second to nuclear density, and the infalling envelope rebounds off the newly formed proto-neutron star while a vast flux of neutrinos - carrying the overwhelming majority of the energy released - deposits enough of itself in the surrounding material to unbind it. A thermonuclear (Type Ia) supernova instead destroys a white dwarf that has been pushed toward the Chandrasekhar limit by accretion or merger, leaving nothing behind. The lower mass boundary for core collapse is not sharp: theoretical estimates span roughly 7 to 11 solar masses and observational progenitor work converges near 8 plus or minus 1. Not a place.
3. Knowledge
4. The iron peak in nuclear binding energy
5. Giant molecular cloud
6. Supernova
7. Connections
8. Initial stellar mass
9. The iron peak in nuclear binding energy
10. Giant molecular cloud
11. Neutron star
12. Stellar-mass black hole
13. A guest star appears in Taurus and is recorded in East Asia
14. Baade and Zwicky propose supernovae and neutron stars
15. A pulsar is found inside the Crab Nebula
16. SN 1987A: neutrinos from a collapsing core reach Earth
17. SN 1987A: neutrinos from a collapsing core reach Earth
18. JWST finds the compact object in SN 1987A
19. Supernova
20. Stellar nucleosynthesis
21. B2FH sets out the synthesis of the elements in stars
22. Eagle Nebula (Messier 16) and the Pillars of Creation
23. Protostar
24. Planetary nebula
25. Supernova
26. The first stars form from metal-free gas
27. The Sun forms and settles onto the main sequence
28. Hubble photographs the Pillars of Creation
29. Evidence
30. Supports the statement that the lower initial-mass boundary for core collapse is theoretically bracketed near 7-11 solar masses with observational progenitor work converging near 8 +/- 1. Author attribution is deliberately omitted because the search summary did not confirm it; neither preprint was fetched.
31. Records a coincident neutrino burst at approximately 07:35 UT on 23 February 1987 across three detectors, totalling roughly two dozen events. Volume and page numbers are deliberately not asserted because they were not confirmed. Reported event counts differ between accounts: Kamiokande-II is quoted as both 11 and 12 events, with 8 for IMB and 5 for Baksan.
32. Establishes stellar nucleosynthesis as the origin of the elements heavier than helium and organises production into distinct nuclear processes including slow and rapid neutron capture. Title, authors, journal, volume and pages were read from ADS and publisher listings via search; the review itself was not fetched, so the internal process taxonomy is described from secondary accounts.