Penrose proves that collapse to a singularity is generic

Assembled from 32 blocks · 1 evidence · 25 related

1. Story
2. Roger Penrose published a short paper in Physical Review Letters showing that once a trapped surface forms in a collapsing region, general relativity implies geodesic incompleteness - worldlines that simply end - for any matter satisfying reasonable energy conditions, and without assuming symmetry. This removed the standing objection that the Oppenheimer-Snyder result was an artefact of idealisation, and it is the work for which he received half of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics.
3. Knowledge
4. The event horizon
5. The singularity
6. Roger Penrose
7. Oppenheimer and Snyder compute continued gravitational contraction
8. Penrose proves that collapse to a singularity is generic
9. Connections
10. Roger Penrose
11. Oppenheimer and Snyder compute continued gravitational contraction
12. The singularity
13. The event horizon
14. Penrose proves that collapse to a singularity is generic
15. The Nobel Prize in Physics recognises black holes twice over
16. The singularity
17. The event horizon
18. Time dilation near a horizon
19. Penrose proves that collapse to a singularity is generic
20. Oppenheimer and Snyder compute continued gravitational contraction
21. Penrose proves that collapse to a singularity is generic
22. The Nobel Prize in Physics recognises black holes twice over
23. The Kerr solution and black hole spin
24. Schwarzschild radius
25. Black hole entropy
26. Schwarzschild solves the field equations for a point mass
27. Oppenheimer and Snyder compute continued gravitational contraction
28. Penrose proves that collapse to a singularity is generic
29. The term "black hole" enters use
30. GW150914 - two black holes merge and the signal reaches Earth
31. Evidence
32. Establishes that geodesic incompleteness follows generically from the formation of a trapped surface, without an assumption of symmetry. V55 VERIFICATION BASIS: not consulted in session; no research tool was available. Volume and page are from recall of a canonical citation and must be checked.