The Madrid Protocol prohibits Antarctic mining

Assembled from 23 blocks · 1 evidence · 21 related

1. Story
2. After the negotiated minerals convention collapses, the consultative parties sign a protocol designating Antarctica a natural reserve devoted to peace and science and banning mineral resource activity other than research. It enters into force in January 1998. The fifty-year review provision it contains is the source of the widely repeated and incorrect claim that the ban expires in 2048.
3. Knowledge
4. The Antarctic Treaty (1959)
5. Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Madrid Protocol, 1991)
6. The Madrid Protocol prohibits Antarctic mining
7. Connections
8. Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Madrid Protocol, 1991)
9. The Antarctic Treaty (1959)
10. The Antarctic Treaty (1959)
11. The Madrid Protocol prohibits Antarctic mining
12. The Madrid Protocol becomes open to a review conference
13. Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
14. The International Geophysical Year puts twelve nations on the ice at once
15. Antarctica
16. Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Madrid Protocol, 1991)
17. The Svalbard Treaty (1920)
18. McMurdo Station
19. The Antarctic Treaty is signed at Washington
20. The Antarctic Treaty enters into force
21. The Madrid Protocol prohibits Antarctic mining
22. Evidence
23. The Protocol designates Antarctica a natural reserve devoted to peace and science and prohibits any activity relating to mineral resources other than scientific research; it provides that a review conference may be requested after fifty years from entry into force, which is the provision commonly and wrongly reported as an expiry of the mining ban in 2048. V55 VERIFICATION BASIS: as above - no source was opened during production. Article numbering is deliberately not quoted in this record because it was not checked.