Vostok records minus 89.2 degrees Celsius

Assembled from 33 blocks · 2 evidence · 50 related

1. Story
2. The lowest air temperature reliably measured at the surface of the Earth is recorded at Vostok Station on the East Antarctic plateau in midwinter. The value stands as the accepted record; satellite-derived snow-surface temperatures near minus 98 degrees Celsius reported later are a different measurement of a different quantity and do not replace it.
3. Knowledge
4. Antarctica
5. Vostok Station
6. Vostok records minus 89.2 degrees Celsius
7. Connections
8. Vostok Station
9. Antarctica
10. Antarctica
11. The International Geophysical Year puts twelve nations on the ice at once
12. Vostok records minus 89.2 degrees Celsius
13. Arctic Ocean
14. Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)
15. Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)
16. Halley Bay Emperor Penguin Colony
17. The Antarctic Treaty (1959)
18. McMurdo Station
19. Vostok Station
20. Cook crosses the Antarctic Circle
21. Antarctica is sighted - by whom is disputed
22. Amundsen reaches the South Pole
23. Scott reaches the South Pole and finds he is second
24. The International Geophysical Year puts twelve nations on the ice at once
25. The Antarctic Treaty is signed at Washington
26. The continuous satellite sea-ice record begins
27. Vostok records minus 89.2 degrees Celsius
28. Antarctic sea ice reaches a record low, a year after the previous one
29. The Madrid Protocol becomes open to a review conference
30. Southern Ocean
31. Evidence
32. The lowest air temperature reliably measured at the surface of the Earth is minus 89.2 degrees Celsius, recorded at Vostok Station, Antarctica, on 21 July 1983. V55 VERIFICATION BASIS: the archive was not opened during production; no research channel was available. The value and date rest on the producer's prior knowledge and should be confirmed against the WMO archive entry.
33. Satellite thermal infrared mapping identified snow-surface temperatures approaching minus 98 degrees Celsius in shallow topographic hollows on the East Antarctic plateau under clear, dry, calm conditions. This is a snow skin temperature measured from orbit and is not equivalent to a screened air temperature at a station, so it does not supersede the Vostok air-temperature record. V55 VERIFICATION BASIS: not opened during production; no research channel was available. The value is quoted approximately and the DOI must be confirmed before publication.