Urdaneta finds the return route across the Pacific

Assembled from 29 blocks · 1 evidence · 26 related

1. Story
2. Andrés de Urdaneta, sailing from the Philippines, took his ship far north to about the latitude of the westerlies before turning east, and made the American coast — the tornaviaje, the return voyage, which had defeated every previous attempt. Westward across the Pacific had been possible since Magellan; it was worthless commercially without a way back. This single passage converted a one-way exploration into a trade route and created the Manila galleon, which then ran on essentially the track Urdaneta established for two hundred and fifty years.
3. Knowledge
4. The Atlantic wind and current system
5. The Manila galleon (Nao de China)
6. Acapulco
7. Urdaneta finds the return route across the Pacific
8. Connections
9. The Manila galleon (Nao de China)
10. Acapulco
11. The Atlantic wind and current system
12. Acapulco
13. Manila
14. The Atlantic wind and current system
15. Celestial navigation (latitude sailing)
16. Ferdinand Magellan (Fernão de Magalhães)
17. Urdaneta finds the return route across the Pacific
18. Manila is founded as the eastern terminus
19. The last Manila galleon sails
20. The Manila galleon (Nao de China)
21. Urdaneta finds the return route across the Pacific
22. The last Manila galleon sails
23. The Atlantic crossing (Carrera de Indias)
24. Volta do mar (the return by sea)
25. The Manila galleon (Nao de China)
26. Columbus makes landfall in the Bahamas
27. Urdaneta finds the return route across the Pacific
28. Evidence
29. The standard narrative history of the transpacific galleon trade: its route, its cargoes, its termini at Manila and Acapulco and its ending in 1815. V55 verification basis: NOT consulted in this session. Schurz remains the reference work but is now over eighty years old, and its figures have been revised by later scholarship; a curator should treat it as the frame and check quantities elsewhere.