The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)

Assembled from 37 blocks · 2 evidence · 25 related

1. Story
2. The sea road from Lisbon to India around southern Africa, and the first all-water link between Europe and the Asian spice markets. It is not a coasting voyage: outbound ships left Lisbon in the spring, ran south to the Cape Verdes, then made the great westward arc of the volta do mar largo across the South Atlantic — often within sight of Brazil — before the southern westerlies drove them east to round the Cape of Good Hope. From there they worked up the Mozambique Channel and used the south-west monsoon to reach Malabar, arriving after roughly six months at sea. The homeward leg had to be timed to the north-east monsoon, so the whole route ran on an annual clock set by the weather rather than by commerce, and a ship that missed its window waited a year. The route did not destroy the older Red Sea and Persian Gulf spice channels so much as compete with them, unevenly and by force; what it changed decisively was that a European crown could now buy pepper at the source and carry it home without any intermediary's permission.
3. Knowledge
4. Volta do mar (the return by sea)
5. Carrack (nau)
6. The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)
7. Cape of Good Hope
8. Goa
9. Pepper
10. Connections
11. Volta do mar (the return by sea)
12. Cape of Good Hope
13. Goa
14. Pepper
15. Carrack (nau)
16. Lisbon
17. Casa da Índia, Lisbon
18. Dias rounds the southern tip of Africa
19. Vasco da Gama reaches Calicut
20. Cabral sights the coast of Brazil
21. Albuquerque takes Malacca
22. The Atlantic wind and current system
23. The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)
24. The Atlantic crossing (Carrera de Indias)
25. Gil Eanes passes Cape Bojador
26. Cabral sights the coast of Brazil
27. The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)
28. Bartolomeu Dias
29. Dias rounds the southern tip of Africa
30. The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)
31. The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)
32. Vasco da Gama reaches Calicut
33. Caravel
34. The Cape route (Carreira da Índia)
35. Evidence
36. Supports the dates and course of the first Cape-route voyage to India and the reception at Calicut. V55 verification basis: NOT consulted in this session. The dates 8 July 1497 and 20 May 1498 are given from the author's knowledge of the standard editions. The Roteiro's authorship is unknown and its account is one-sided.
37. The standard single-volume account of Portuguese expansion: Ceuta, the African coast, the Cape route, the carreira da Índia, the Estado da Índia and the institutions that ran them. V55 verification basis: NOT consulted in this session. Boxer is a mid-twentieth-century imperial history and its framing has been substantially revised by later work, particularly on Asian agency and on the limits of Portuguese control; this pack uses it for structure, not for interpretation.