The first global mass bleaching event

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Bleaching occurred simultaneously across every major reef region during and after the very strong 1997-98 El Nino, the first time the phenomenon had been observed at global scale rather than as a set of local events. The widely cited assessment published in 2000 estimated that around sixteen per cent of the world's reef-building corals died. Losses were extremely uneven: parts of the western Indian Ocean, including the Maldives and the Seychelles, lost the great majority of their shallow coral, while other regions came through with modest damage. The event established both that bleaching was a global phenomenon and that the ocean's heat, not any local pressure, was the agent.

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