Mechanics, hydrodynamics and energetics of blue whale lunge feeding: efficiency dependence on krill density
evidence
Kinematic tag data combined with unsteady hydrodynamic models gives an energy budget for blue whale lunges and foraging dives: dives lasted between about 3.1 and 15.2 minutes with up to six lunges each, and foraging efficiency exceeds that of other marine mammals by close to an order of magnitude, but only where lunges target extremely high krill densities. V55 verification basis: retrieved in search summary of the paper and of institutional reporting on it; the per-mouthful energy figure and the 90:1 return ratio come from that secondary reporting rather than from the paper.
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