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Stommel explains why the fast currents are on the west

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In a short paper in the Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, Henry Stommel demonstrated that the asymmetry of ocean gyres follows from the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude. In a model ocean with a constant Coriolis parameter the wind-driven circulation is symmetric; allowing it to vary crowds the streamlines into a narrow, intense boundary layer on the western side. This is why the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio exist and why there is no eastern equivalent.

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