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Industrial Revolution

When these happened

27 dated records from 1709 to 1852. Each is drawn as wide as its date is certain — a band is a band because nobody knows the year, not because the drawing is imprecise.

172517501775180018251850Darby smelts iron with coke at Coalbrookdale — 1709The first commercially successful steam engine begins pumping — 1712Parliament bans the use of printed calicoes — 1721Hargreaves devises the spinning jenny — c. 1764The peak of parliamentary enclosure — 1760–1830The Bridgewater Canal opens from Worsley into Manchester — 1761Arkwright patents the water frame — 1769Watt patents the separate condenser — 1769Cromford Mill begins spinning — 1771Boulton and Watt form their partnership — 1775Crompton completes the spinning mule — 1779The Iron Bridge opens over the Severn — 1781-01-01The rotative engine turns a shaft — 1781–1782Cort patents grooved rolling and puddling — 1783–1784Arkwright's patents are overturned — 1785Cartwright patents the power loom — 1785The first factory statute is passed and largely ignored — 1802The handloom weavers are displaced — 1820s–1840sThe Stockton and Darlington Railway opens — 1825-09-27The Rainhill trials settle the question of traction — 6–14 October 1829The Liverpool and Manchester Railway opens — 1830-09-15The Factory Act creates an inspectorate — 1833Chadwick reports on the sanitary condition of the labouring population — 1842Women and young boys are barred from working underground — 1842The Ten Hours Act limits the working day for women and young persons — 1847The Great Exhibition — 1 May – October 1851The census records an urban majority — 1851
27 shown · 27 dated · 0 cannot be placed on an axis · Approximate or contested. Draw a band and do not sharpen its edges.
In order27
  1. 1709Darby smelts iron with coke at Coalbrookdale

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  2. 1712The first commercially successful steam engine begins pumping

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  3. 1721Parliament bans the use of printed calicoes

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  4. c. 1764Hargreaves devises the spinning jenny

    Sources disagree, or the dating is contested. Stated, not resolved.

  5. 1760–1830The peak of parliamentary enclosure

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  6. 1761The Bridgewater Canal opens from Worsley into Manchester

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  7. 1769Arkwright patents the water frame

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  8. 1769Watt patents the separate condenser

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  9. 1771Cromford Mill begins spinning

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  10. 1775Boulton and Watt form their partnership

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  11. 1779Crompton completes the spinning mule

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  12. 1781-01-01The Iron Bridge opens over the Severn

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  13. 1781–1782The rotative engine turns a shaft

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  14. 1783–1784Cort patents grooved rolling and puddling

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  15. 1785Arkwright's patents are overturned

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  16. 1785Cartwright patents the power loom

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  17. 1802The first factory statute is passed and largely ignored

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  18. 1820s–1840sThe handloom weavers are displaced

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  19. 1825-09-27The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  20. 6–14 October 1829The Rainhill trials settle the question of traction

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  21. 1830-09-15The Liverpool and Manchester Railway opens

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  22. 1833The Factory Act creates an inspectorate

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  23. 1842Chadwick reports on the sanitary condition of the labouring population

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  24. 1842Women and young boys are barred from working underground

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  25. 1847The Ten Hours Act limits the working day for women and young persons

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  26. 1 May – October 1851The Great Exhibition

    It happened, and the record is settled.

  27. 1851The census records an urban majority

    It happened, and the record is settled.